Sea level rise

Sea level rise is one of the most visible and alarming consequences of global climate change. It occurs primarily due to the melting of glaciers and polar ice sheets, as well as the thermal expansion of seawater as it warms. Over the past century, global sea levels have steadily risen, and recent data shows that the rate is accelerating. Even small increases can lead to significant changes in coastal areas, including higher tides, more intense storm surges, and the permanent inundation of low-lying land. This makes sea level rise a serious threat to coastal cities, island nations, and ecosystems across the globe.

The impacts of sea level rise are widespread and multifaceted. Communities near coastlines face increased risks of flooding, property damage, and infrastructure loss. Saltwater intrusion into freshwater systems can harm agriculture and reduce access to clean drinking water. Additionally, vital habitats like mangroves, coral reefs, and wetlands are being submerged or degraded, affecting biodiversity and natural coastal protection. In response, governments are exploring adaptation strategies such as elevated infrastructure, managed retreat, and nature-based solutions like restoring wetlands and dunes. However, without global action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, these measures may only delay the inevitable. Tackling sea level rise demands urgent international cooperation and long-term climate resilience planning.