Title : Assessment of environmental odour sources and their effects on air quality and human well-being: A case study of Budapest
Abstract:
Environmental odours originating from natural and anthropogenic sources have become an increasingly important environmental concern due to their impact on air quality, public health, and overall environmental comfort in both urban and rural areas. Climate change, urbanization, and the expansion of industrial and agricultural activities have altered emission patterns, creating new challenges for air quality management and environmental health protection.
The primary objective of this study is to investigate the influence of environmental odour emissions of animal, plant, and climatic origin on air quality and quality of life, with particular emphasis on their contribution to air pollution and human exposure. Special attention is given to the identification of major emission sources, the understanding of odour dispersion processes, and the assessment of their role in local air quality deterioration.
The research is based on a structured public questionnaire designed to evaluate subjective odour perception, the frequency of odour-related complaints, and their spatial distribution across Budapest. In addition, the study examines the relationships between odour exposure, meteorological conditions, and self-reported health symptoms, thereby contributing to a more comprehensive framework for urban air quality assessment.
The underlying hypothesis is that agricultural and livestock-related activities represent the dominant sources of nuisance odours, while plant-derived volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and airborne allergens, particularly pollen, also significantly influence perceived air quality. Furthermore, the frequency and intensity of odour complaints are expected to vary according to meteorological conditions and local spatial characteristics. Long-term exposure to odorous air pollutants may contribute not only to physical health effects but also to increased psychological stress.
Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of integrating odour management into air quality protection strategies. Technological innovations, improved emission control measures, and community-based environmental monitoring systems can contribute to enhanced environmental comfort and reduced air pollution impacts. The findings are intended to support the development of adaptive environmental policies and targeted air quality management measures in urban environments.
